ScienCell's GeneQuery™ Human PD-1/PD-L1 Checkpoint Pathway qPCR Array Kit (GQH-PDI) is designed to facilitate gene expression profiling of 88 key genes involved in human PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway, and to help identifying potential prognostic biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy.  PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint pathway plays an important role in the maintenance of T cell stability, as well as mediating inhibitory signals for proliferation and function of T effector cells. PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade has resulted in enhancement of T cell immunity against tumors and viral pathogens. Brief examples of how genes may be grouped according to their functions are shown below:     

•   Co-stimulatory/inhibitory receptors: PDCD1 (PD-1), CD28, CD27, CD276, ICOS, TNFRSF18, TNFRSF4, TNFRSF9
•   Co-stimulatory/inhibitory pathway: CD274 (PD-L1), PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2), CD4, LCK, CD2, CD247, CSK, PTPN11, PTPN2, PTPN6, NCOR2
•   PD-L1 induction: IFNG, IL15, IL17A, IL2, IL21, IL7, MAPK1, NRP1, STAT3
•   T cell receptor signaling: AKT1, CD3, CTLA4, CD8, GSK3B, JUN, NFKB1, PDPK1
•   T cell function regulation: BATF, FOXO1, KRAS, MAPK8, MTOR, NFATC1, PI3Ks, SKP2, TLR9
•   B cell function regulation: CD80, CD86, POU2F2
•   Proinflammatory molecules: CSF2, IL4, IL10, IRF6, TNF, VEGFA
•   Additional immune checkpoint genes:HAVCR2, HNF1A, LAG3, TIGIT
  

  Note: all gene names follow their official symbols by the Human Genome Organization Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC).